his leaving them. He remained at the
settlement, and expressed a wish to be
employed as a medium of communication
between the English and the natives. When
his case was made known to the representatives
of the government, as well as the
service which he had rendered to the
encampment, a pardon was forwarded to him.
It was a time of strong emotion for the poor
fellow; and nothing could exceed the joy
he evinced at feeling himself a free man,
received again within the pale of civilised
society. What became of Buckley afterwards,
was probably not considered of sufficient
importance to be placed upon record.

Let us now notice another original colonist,
who certainly did not become semi-savage,
but lived to be a well-to-do old gentleman
in the colony whose birth he witnessed.

John Pascoe Fawkner, born in London
in 1792, went to Australia at the early age
of eleven. A few women and children
were allowed to accompany the troops who
guarded the convicts sent out in 1803, to
found a new penal settlement on the shores
of the recently discovered Port Philip;
and the boy Fawkner went out with his
mother. Buckley was possibly one of the
very convicts who went out in the same
ship (the Calcutta, fifty-six guns) with this
youngster. Captain Collins, who was to
govern the new settlement, pitched his
tents on a strip of sandy beach in the bay;
but fresh water was so scarce, and the
country around seemed so barren, that he
abandoned the place after a few months:
government officers, soldiers, and convicts,
all taking their departure to Van Diemen's
Land (now called Tasmania), where they
formed the settlement which has since
expanded into Hobart Town, or Hobarton,
the capital of a distinct colony. Young
Fawkner got employment as a shepherd,
and three years afterwards joined his
father in farming. An energetic and
restless character was developed in him, which
lasted throughout life; but he committed
one mistake which happily he did not
repeat. At the age of twenty-two he
mixed himself up in a plot for the escape
of convict prisoners; and he found it
necessary to beat a hasty retreat to
Sydney, where he remained three or four
years, as a sawyer. The year 1818 found
him married, and settled at the new town
of Launceston in Van Diemen's Land.
Besides being a trader, he acted as agent
or pleader in some of the subordinate law
and criminal courts, at a time when regular
barristers and attorneys were rather scarce.
He turned publican in 1826. Three years
afterwards, he started the first newspaper
published in the town: a weekly journal
called the Launceston Advertiser.
Governor Arthur was at that time always at
open war with the free colonists, whom he
regarded as being almost as bad as the
convicts. Fawkner threw himself heart and
soul into the struggle against him; and
the newspaper continued to be influential
and well-conducted for many years.

Pascoe Fawkner entered upon a new
scene in 1835. Port Philip began to be
talked about in a more favourable tone
than thirty-two years previously. He
resolved to try his fortune in that new region.
Having sold all his acquired property, he
bought the schooner Enterprise, and stored
her with live stock, farming implements, and
seeds, common coarse food and clothing,
blankets, tomahawks, knives, and handkerchiefs
suitable to the aborigines. A very
large and varied assortment of fruit-trees
were also shipped, together with the
materials for a house. He had five
partners, respectively named Hay, Mars,
Evans, Jackson, and Lancey. Two months
before Mr. Batman had landed near the
spot now occupied by the busy town of
Geelong, had advanced to the river Yarra,
had got the aborigines to sign some deeds
making over an enormous tract of country,
and had built some rough huts as the
commencement of a settlement.

On the 10th of October, 1835, Mr.
Fawkner set foot on the mainland of
Australia. It was the anniversary of the
day when he had landed there in 1803.
He and his party first explored the eastern
shore of Port Philip bay; but deeming
it ineligible, they pushed on to the river
Yarra, where they landed their goods,
pitched their tents, and ploughed and
sowed small plots of land. But the Batman
party did not relish this; they warned
off the Fawkner party. The latter were
found to have selected the most favourable
spot; and the two parties came almost to
open war, in the very spot where the great
city of Melbourne now stands. The
Batmanites were too strong for the
Fawknerites, in virtue of government support
they received; and Mr. Fawkner; frustrated
in various ways, nevertheless made a living
by keeping a store, lending out horses to
exploring parties, and practising as a bush-
lawyer. When land became sufficiently
valuable to be offered for sale, he became
a buyer. One of his plots was at the corner
of the present Flinders and King-streets,