parties, Royalists and insurgents, stood
face to face. The Tuileries Gardens were
closed. In the Place du Carrousel were
three squadrons of the detested Lancers,
a battalion of the Third Regiment of the
Garde, and a battery of six pieces. The
Tuileries and Louvre were occupied by
Swiss regiments: a few of the men
were quietly eating their breakfasts, but
all were ready to seize their piled arms
and fall in. In an hour the people had
gathered in tremendous force, and, the
whirlwind breaking on the Hôtel de Ville,
it was attacked, carried, and henceforward
became the base of the whole movement.
The depôts of artillery in the Rue du Bac
(St. Thomas d'Aquin) were also stormed,
and the cannon were carried off to important
points: where they were worked by
the Polytechnique youths with astonishing
coolness, precision, and effect.

While Force and armed Right were thus
battling to the death, Reason and Justice
held calm debate. The greater part of the
deputies in Paris had assembled at M.
Laffite's, and proclaimed General de
Lafayette commandant-general of the
National Guard. The old patriot at once
accepted the command, and invited the mayor
and municipal committees of every
arrondissement to send officers to the Hôtel de
Ville to receive his orders. Lieutenant-General
Count Gerard was at the same
time appointed commandant-general of
the regular forces of France. The
municipal commission was also appointed as
a provisional government. The members
were Audry de Puiraveau, Count Gerard,
Jacques Laffitte, Count de Lobau Mauguin,
Odier, Casimir Perrier, and De Schoner.

General Dubourg at the same time took
voluntary command at the Hôtel de Ville
until General Lafayette should be installed
in his new functions. Dubourg was then sent
to guide matters at the Bourse. The
Provisional Government made the following
appointments: Guizot, Public Instruction;
Gerard, Minister ofWar; Sebastiani, Foreign
Affairs; Duke de Broglie, Interior;
Vice-Admiral Mignet, Marine; Baron Louis,
Finance; Dupin, senior, the Seals; Bavoux,
Prefect of Police; Chardel, Post Office;
De Laborde, Prefect of the Seine.

Lafayette also re-organised the National
Guard, and ordered the colonels or chiefs of
battalions to present themselves at the
Hôtel de Ville. Two regiments of the
irarrison now came over to the people.
The Bourse was turned into a state prison
and hospital. The place in front was
chosen as a depôt of arms and a rallying
point for the people.

A large body of citizens, headed by
National Guards, marched to attack the
Swiss and Royal Guards, posted in the
Rue de Richelieu and Rue St. Honoré.
The people marched on for some time
surprised and almost alarmed at not seeing
a single soldier. The earth seemed to have
swallowed them up. Suddenly, as the
citizens passed the Théâtre Français, the
windows of the houses opposite the theatre
and behind the detachment, flew open, and
a deadly fire was discharged by three or
four Swiss stationed at each window. The
dead fell in heaps in front of the theatre.
The citizens, receding behind the pillars
of the theatre, opened a dropping Indian
fire on their ambuscaded assailants. At the
end of about an hour, the soldiers capitu-
lated, and forty of them were instantly
marched off to the depôt at the Bourse,
while those who had families were allowed
to go and dine with them on parole.

There was still tremendous fighting on
the Quai Pelletier, whence the surges of
people were driven back towards the Place
de Grève and the Hôtel de Ville. A small
party of elderly National Guards, with a
courage only equalled by the Polytechnique
boys, opened a steady fire on masses of the
Garde Royale (horse and foot), the
regiments of the line looking on gravely, like
neutrals. The royal troops next attacked
the Polytechnique lads, in order to carry off
the cannon; but the students called out:

"They don't know their trade. "We
shall defeat them."

The military had made a blunder.
Attacking in front instead of making harassing
diversion on their enemies' flanks, they
were defeated with terrible carnage. In
the mean time the people of the Faubourgs
St. Antoine and Marceau were fighting
with pikes, and even with ruder weapons;
thousands of women and unarmed people
looking on and encouraging the insurgents.

The people, being fired on from the
windows of the archbishop's palace, attacked
it, and, finding stands of arms and powder
in the state apartments, destroyed some of
the furniture, and either threw the rest into
the Seine or sent it to the Hôtel Dieu for
the accommodation of the wounded. Half
the plate went into the river; the rest was
sent to be taken care of in the Hôtel de
Ville. No pillage was allowed. Two or
three men detected pilfering were shot on
the spot.

The typhoon soon burst upon the Louvre.