speed and direction of the vessel. Liberal wages
are paid: the captain receives two guineas a
week, the engineer the same, the mate has
thirty shillings, the men six-and-twenty, the
boy seven—and this is not too much, when it
is remembered that about fourteen hours daily
is the average attendance required of each.

The expenses attendant on the management
of such a company are very large. In addition
to the weekly wages just detailed, it may be
reckoned that the primary cost of each boat,
exclusive of repairs, is five thousand pounds,
while the pierage dues are enormous. At the
piers held by the Thames Conservancy the
company have to pay sums averaging from one
penny to sixpence for every time their boats
call, while at other piers they are charged
amounts varying from four shillings and
sixpence to seven shillings and sixpence for every
hundred passengers landing. Thus they
disburse between three and four thousand a year in
pier dues; the rent of the Greenwich landing
stage, which belongs to a company, is alone two
thousand pounds a year. With all these
disbursements the company pay a dividend of five
per cent. A complaint of drunkenness or
incivility against those employed by them, is
unknown, and such good feeling exists, that the
masters now invite the men to an annual supper,
at which great conviviality reigns, and the
highest mutual respect is expressed.

Here is a little bit of the history of my
modern silent highway-men. Come, Monsieur,
Herr, or Signor, and show me anything like it
in the countries where you dwell.

A COMPLETE GENTLEMAN.

EXCELLENT Mr. Henry Peacham, M.A., some-
time (about two centuries and a half since)
of Trinitie Colledge in Cambridge, not satisfied
with directing the classical studies of the truly
Noble and Most Hopefull Mr. William Howard,
third sonne to the then Earl Marshall of England,
determined to launch that hopeful scion into
the great world, "fashioned absolute in the
most necessarie and commendable Qualities
concerning Minde or Bodie, that may be required in
a Noble Gentleman."

Rightly conceiving that the Most Hopefull,
just entering fashionable life, would be likely to
yield but lax attention to a long dry discourse
upon education and manners, worthy Mr.
Peacham adopts a lively anecdotic style, and to
this circumstance the remarkable longevity of
his work is perhaps owing.

His respect for the Nobiliity is founded upon
the singular fact, well known to all human
naturalists, that there are "certain sparkes and
secret seedes of vertue in the children of Noble
Personages, which, if carefully attended in the
Blossome, will yield the fruit of Industry and
glorious action, not only above the strength of
the Vulgar, but even before the time Nature
(who is evidently weaker than Nobility) hath
appointed." The essential qualities of gentle-
manhood to which Mr. Peacham proposes to
invite the attention of the Most Hopefull, are
fourteen in number:

1. Of a Gentleman's Carriage in the
Vniversitie. 2. Of his Stile. 3. Of his Cosmography.
4. Of his memorable observations in Survey
of the Earth. 5. Of his Geometry. 6. Of
his Poetry. 7. Of his Musike. 8. Of his limning
and painting in Oyle. 9. Of his Armory,
and Blazing Armes. 10. Of Exercise of Bodie.
11. Of his Reputation and Carriage. 12. Of
his Travaile. 13. Of his Warre. 14. Of his
—fishinge.

Mr. Peacham writes from his house at Hogsden,
by London, May, sixteen hundred and
twenty-seven, that, "Being taken with a Quartane
Feaver, that leasure I had, as I may truly
say by fits" (ha! ha!) "I employd vpon this
Discourse, for the private use of a Noble young
Gentleman, my Friend, not intending it should
ever see light." (Oh, Peacham, Peacham!)
"Howsoever, I have done it, and if, iudicious
reader, thou shalt find herein anything that
may content thee, I shall be encouraged to a
more serious Peece. If not, but out of a
malignant humour, thou disdaine what I have
done, I care not. I have pleased myself, and
long since learned Envie, together with her
sister Ignorance, to harbour only in the basest
and most degenerate Breast."

With this agreeable understanding, writer and
reader start fair, and the former devotes his first
chapter to a careful refutation of his own theory
—that the nobly descended have "certain
sparkes and secret seeds of vertue" above the
strength of the vulgar—dealing it a succession
of well-planted blows, in the examples of
Sphicrates, who "stopt the furie of Epaminondas,
and became Lieutenant-General to Artaxerxes,
yet but the sonne of a poore cobler." Of
Eumenes, the sonne of an Ordinarie Carter. Of
Dioclesian, the sonne of a Scrivener. Of Hugh
Capet, sonne of a Butcher in Paris, who carried
himself and his businesse so that he got the
Crowne from the true heir, Charles, the Vncle
of Lewis.

Moreover, our Author quotes that speeche of
Sigismund the Emperour to a Doctor of Civil
Law, who, on receiving knighthood, forthwith
cut the other LL.D.s, and consorted only with
knights, which piece of old-world snobbishness
the Emperour observing, smiling, said unto
him, "Foole, who preferrest knighthood before
learning and thy degree, I can make a thousand
knights in one day, but not one Doctor in a
thousand years."

The circumstance of having been tutor to the
Most Hopefull third son of an earl, was the
source of considerable embarrassment to good
Mr. Peacham in settling his views concerning
the inherent rights and qualities of nobility. To
do him justice, he was evidently not wanting in
sense nor "vertue," and it must have been a
problem as difficult as any he had ever solved at
the Vniversitie, to reconcile the lives at that
period habitually led by the youthful aristocracy
with any principles commonly supposed to bear