desired encouragement to the projector as
they read that wonderful production of six
nights in every week, in every year, The
Times.

Let us ascend to the source of the
wide-flowing and fertilising stream, and turn from
the broad waters of number seventy-two
thousand two hundred and twenty-eight of
the Times to glance at the age-hidden source,
number one of The Daily Universal Register.

This was the title first given to the sheet
of four small folio pages, since expanded into
the twelve enormous folio pages of the
present Times. After going over the
specialities of the morning papers then in
circulation, stating how one made the
parliamentary debates, another political essays,
a third advertisements, the absorbing feature,
Mr. J. Walter proposed to blend in due
proportion these and other topics of interest:—

"A newspaper conducted on the true and natural
principles of such a publication ought to be the register
of the times, and faithful recorder of every species of
intelligence; it ought not to be engrossed by any
particular object; but like a well-covered table, it should
contain something suited to every palate; observations
on the dispositions of our own and foreign courts
should be provided for the political reader; debates
should be reported for the amusement and information
of those who are particularly fond of them; and a due
attention should be paid to the interests of trade, which
are so greatly promoted by advertisements. A
paper that should blend all these advantages has long
been expected by the public. Such, it is intended
shall be the Universal Register, the great objects of
which will be to facilitate the commercial intercourse
between the different parts of the community, through
the channel of advertisements; to record the principal
occurrences of the times, and to abridge the account of
debates during the sitting of parliament."

Three years later the newspaper designed
to be a register of the times, gave a subordinate
and explanatory place to its original
title, assumed a more striking and most
fortunate name, and became The Times.

The above passage is curious, not only
because it shows how the future title of the paper
was already germinating in the mind of the
projector, but also how faithfully the journal
has kept to the original design, and with what
wonderful expansion in the article of
advertisements and the abridgment of parliamentary
debates.

Another feature of the embryo Times—
certainly an essential one in a newspaper that
would one day assume so portentous a name
—is thus announced by the proprietor: "I
propose to bring it out regularly every morning
at six o'clock."  Shrewd J. Walter,
timeing your Daily Universal Register so as
to take possession of the golden hours and
make your newspaper The Times! But
what conflicting interests were to be reconciled
by this arrangement ? Dignified
parliamentary debates and the every-day sales
of the great mart of the world; legislation
and commerce, of very opposite habits, were
to be equally served. That the publication
of debates protracted through the night
might not interfere with the timely appearance
of advertisements of sales, the discourses
of legislators were to be reduced to fair
proportions; or, in Mr. J. Walter's words, "the
substance shall be faithfully preserved, but
all the uninteresting parts will be omitted."

Having secured to his advertisers the
early appearance of their contributions, the
proprietor of the paper pledges himself they
shall appear on the desired day. That no
disappointment may be occasioned by the
"accidents that sometimes happen in the
printing business," he promises to print an
additional half-sheet when " the length of the
gazette and parliamentary debates shall render
it impossible for me to insert all the
advertisements promised for the day in one sheet."

Thus early we have the well-known
supplement of The Times.

Good grounds to hope for encouragement,
doubtless; but, now comes one probably of
greater account in the mind of the promoter,
a great improvement he had made in his art.
The Daily Universal Register had this appendix
to its title, " Logographically printed by his
Majesty's Patent." In the same prospectus
Mr. J. Walter thus explains this phrase:

"The inconveniences attending the old and tedious
method of composing with letters taken up singly first
suggested the idea of adopting some more expeditious
method. The cementing of several letters together, so
that the type of a whole word might be taken up in
as short a time as that of a single letter, was the result
of much reflection on that subject. The fount,
consisting of types of words and not of letters, was to be
so arrranged as that a compositor should be able to
find the former with as much facility as he can the
latter. This was a work of inconceivable difficulty. I
undertook it, however, and was fortunate enough, after
an infinite number of experiments and great labour, to
bring it to a happy conclusion. The whole English
language is now methodically and systematically
arranged at my fount, so that printing can now be
performed with greater dispatch and with less expense
than according to the mode hitherto in use."

Logography, we find, enables Mr. J.
Walter to sell his paper "over one halfpenny
under the price paid for seven out of eight of
the morning papers." Twopence-halfpenny
is the price affixed to the first number of the
Daily Universal Register. There is
something remarkably straightforward and simple
in the manner in which this economical claim
to public support is enforced. Editors living
seventy years later, can scarcely approve of
such an appeal. It savours too much of the
man of business to suit their professional
habits. But the Father of The Times deserves
to be studied even in those points in which
he can no longer serve as a model; we
subjoin, therefore, his words: "I indulge a hope
that the sacrifice I make of the usual profits
of printing will be felt by a generous public;
and that they will so far favour me with
advertisements, as to enable me to defray the